Project Solutions

USB-CYBERCLOCK - For low-noise VCOs&PLLs （3）

Published:2011/8/10 1:24:00 Author:Phyllis

By Burkhard Kainka The Blueberry Board For use in the lab the Blueberry Board (CY30703) with the CY27EE16 is particularly interesting. The double ’E’ in the part number gives away the fact that the chip contains an EEPROM. This has space to store 2 kbits for register contents and a further 16 kbits for general program use. No special hardware is necessary to program the device. The ...   (View)

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Back to the Future: Home electronics from the （recent） past 4

Published:2011/8/10 1:20:00 Author:Amy

Direction-Sensitive Light Barrier Robert Edlinger Model railway hobbyists who want to trig­ger train-controlled switching operations depending on the direction of travel often have things easy with systems such as Marklin HO or Miniclub Z gauge, since the corresponding switching track sections can be actuated individually in both direc­tions. Things are different with other ...   (View)

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Appendix: PSU Regulation Tester

Published:2011/8/10 1:20:00 Author:Li xiao na

The measurement method for the ’load regulation’ is illustrated in Figure 1. The power supply under test is adjusted to one third of the maximum output voltage. This setting guarantees that the power supply and its variable load are used within their normal operating areas. The load consists of a static part to which, ...   (View)

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USB-CYBERCLOCK - For low-noise VCOs&PLLs （2）

Published:2011/8/10 1:13:00 Author:Phyllis

By Burkhard Kainka The CY27EE16 (’One-PLL In-System Programmable Clock Generator with Individual 16K EEPROM’) is particularly interesting for low volume production applications or circuit development. The internal EEPROM does not need a special programmer; it can be programmed via the built-in l2C bus interface. Register contents can also be overwritten ’on the fly’ as above. A default con...   (View)

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USB-CYBERCLOCK - For low-noise VCOs&PLLs （1）

Published:2011/8/10 1:01:00 Author:Phyllis

By Burkhard Kainka Quartz oscillators are the way to go when you need a precise, stable frequency source but what do you do when an application calls for a non-standard frequency? Custom-made crystals are an expensive option but now Cypress has come up with a cheaper alternative... The buzzword...   (View)

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Back to the Future: Home electronics from the （recent） past 3

Published:2011/8/10 0:42:00 Author:Amy

Negative Auxiliary Voltage Ludwig Libertin Some circuits need a negative supply volt­age that only has to supply a small cur­rent. Providing a separate transformer winding for this (possibly even with a rec­tifier and filter capacitor) would be a rather extravagant solution. It can also b...   (View)

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Back to the Future: Home electronics from the （recent） past 2

Published:2011/8/9 22:55:00 Author:Amy

Attitude Sensor Bernd Oehlerking The circuit presented here (in two ver­sions) uses a light barrier as a position sensor. In the first version (Figure 1), the light barrier consists of an LED (Dl) for the light source and a LDR (R2) for the receiver. The LDR is part of a CMOS oscillator that generates a di...   (View)

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Power To Spark: 31 power supplies side by side （2）

Published:2011/8/9 22:22:00 Author:Li xiao na

Outputs As already mentioned, it can be convenient to have several outputs available. Besides units with several adjustable outputs, there are also power supplies available with one or more fixed-voltage outputs in addition to a ’normal’ adjustable output. The fixed voltage is usually 5 V or 12 V. Most lab supplies nowadays are fitted with sockets that accept banana plugs. T...   (View)

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Back to the Future: Home electronics from the （recent） past 1

Published:2011/8/9 22:21:00 Author:Amy

High Voltage Amplifier Audio analyzers, such as the Audio Pre­cision series have signal generators that for certain test purposes do not hove a sufficiently high output voltage. That is why we have designed this ’booster’ amplifier stage. It provides the same amount of voltage as a 300-W amplifier into 8 LI. App...   (View)

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On the Buses: Last station still far off 3

Published:2011/8/9 22:06:00 Author:Amy

David Daamen Konnex A full discussion of every available standard is unfortu­nately beyond the scope of this article, hence we will pick out one we think is particularly interesting. The stan­dard proposed by the European Home System Associa­tion (ESHA) is a good example of how it should be done. Apart from supplying specifications on medium and com­munication protoc...   (View)

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On the Buses: Last station still far off 2

Published:2011/8/9 21:39:00 Author:Amy

David Daamen Networking Standards like RS-485, Ethernet, FireWire, HomePNA HomePlug, MoCA, USB and XI0 are primarily descrip­tions of ways to communicate over a physical medium. HomePNA, for instance, is a standard with widespread use in the USA, describing how connections with speeds up to 240 Mbit/s can be established within the home using the (existing) telephone wiring. T...   (View)

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On the Buses: Last station still far off 1

Published:2011/8/9 21:24:00 Author:Amy

David Daamen Being able to control a TV or a stereo from the comfy chair is taken for granted these days. However, home automation does not stop at remote control for audio & video equipment. Although an increasing number of manufacturers jump the bandwagon called Home Automation or even the Smart Home, t...   (View)

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Diagnostics and Development Tools for SMBus and l2C

Published:2011/8/9 6:34:00 Author:Amy

AVIT Research Ltd. has released a low cost l2C Bus Tool for the diagnostic and development of embedded system SMBus and l2C communications. The Tool combines ease of use with comprehensive facilities lo monitor bus activity and powerful functionality for participating on the bus. Messages can be sent and received as either Master or Slave on Standard and Fast Mode Busses. The l2C Bus Tool complements AVIT Research’...   (View)

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ABC OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES （5）

Published:2011/8/9 2:07:00 Author:Phyllis

By Gert Helles Charging at high and low temperatures. Efforts should be made to charge at room temperature. Nickel-based batteries should only be fast-charged between 10°C to 30°C (50°F to 86=F). Below 5°C (4TF) and above 45=C (113=F), the charge acceptance of nickel-based batteries is drasti...   (View)

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ABC OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES （4）

Published:2011/8/9 1:59:00 Author:Phyllis

By Gert Helles Charging lithiumion and lithium-polymer cells Whereas chargers for nickel-based batteries are current-limiting devices, chargers for lithiumion batteries limit both voltage and current. The first lithiumion cells called for a charge-voltage limit of 4.10 V/cell. Higher voltage...   (View)

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ABC OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES （3）

Published:2011/8/9 1:53:00 Author:Phyllis

By Gert Helles Charging nickel-metal-hydride cells Though similar to NiCd chargers, a NiMH charger employs the AT/dt method, which is by far the best method for charging NiMH cells. The end-of-charge voltage decrease for NiMH batteries is smaller, and for small charge rates (below 0.5 C, depending on temperature) there may be no voltage decrease at all. New NiMH batteries ca...   (View)

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ABC OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES （2）

Published:2011/8/9 1:37:00 Author:Phyllis

By Gert Helles Charging batteries A new rechargeable battery or battery pack (several batteries in one package) is not guaranteed to be fully charged; in fact, it is likely to be nearly discharged. The first thing to do, therefore, is to charge the battery/pack in accordance with the manufacturer’s chemi...   (View)

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ABC OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES （1）

Published:2011/8/9 1:15:00 Author:Phyllis

By Gert Helles Basics, pitfalls & recommendations The use of batteries has never been greater. Batteries are becoming smaller and lighter even as they package more and more energy per unit volume. The main driving force for battery development has been the boom in portable equipment such as mobile phones, laptops, camcorders, and MP3 players. The following brief overv...   (View)

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Power To Spark: 31 power supplies side by side （1）

Published:2011/8/8 22:34:00 Author:Li xiao na

The faithful companion of every electronics fan is his laboratory power supply. It’s always ready when you need it, it can provide the right voltage for every project, and it’s just about indestructible. The fact that a lab supply is part of the standard equipment for every workstation is demonstrated by the enormous number of products available. In this article, we examine a selection of lab supplies, ...   (View)

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Programming with word: write Visual Basic programs using MS Word

Published:2011/8/8 22:02:00 Author:Li xiao na

By T. Fondrat Not many PC users are aware that the well-known Microsoft Word includes a programming environment for Visual Basic. It allows you to get to grips with the fundamentals of this programming language. This article will be of particular interest to those of you who don’t have the complete Visual Basic package, but who would still like to play with a programming language...   (View)

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