DIFFERENTIAL_VOLTMETER

Published:2009/7/24 1:34:00 Author:Jessie

High-impedance differential-input transistorized panel voltmeter has stable zero point, eliminating need for undesirable zero control. Meter com pares voltage under test with known zener regulated reference voltage. Circuit is differential Darlington connected emitter-follower using pair of 2N2060's. Bias point is stabilized by constant-current sync connected to 2N1613 transistor. Accuracy is 1% if unmatched source impedance is less then 10K.-A High-Stability Differential Voltmeter, Electronic Circuit Design Handbook, Mactier Pub, Corp., N.Y., 1965, p 152.   (View)

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DUAL_RANGE_D_C_VOLTMETER

Published:2009/7/24 1:33:00 Author:Jessie

With switch in position 2, serves as standard 0-50 v d-c voltmeter. With switch in position 1, R1 is shunted across 50-my, 1-mc meter to allow about 3 ma through 27+, 1-w tenor diode CR1-CR2 diode 1N540 is for temperature compensation. About 27 v is then held across the diodes, and meter scale represents 27 to 32 v, with sensitivity of 0.1 v d-c per division. R3 is used for calibration.-M. W. Raybin, Dual Range DC Voltmeter, EEE, 10:12,p 31.   (View)

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R_F_VOLTMETER

Published:2009/7/24 1:32:00 Author:Jessie

Circuit generates low-frequency waveform whose amplitude is equivalent to that of unknown r-f voltage, using photochopper modulator VI-V2 as error detector. Arrangement gives seven voltage ranger from 10 my rms to 10 v rms full scale, over frequency range of 500 kc to 1,000 Mc.-T. C. Anderson, Measuring Low-Level R-F Voltage with Servo Feedback Techniques, Electronics, 34:28, p 63-65.   (View)

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Low_power_switching_regulator

Published:2009/7/24 0:30:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit provides 5-V output from a 9-V source with 80% efficiency and 50-mA output capability. The circuit is short-circuit protected.   (View)

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Low_dropout_regulator

Published:2009/7/24 0:29:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit provides both a +12-V and a +5-V output from a single 6－V battery, with very low dropout (Fig.8-3B). Quiescent current is 760 μA, and the100-mA output is short-circuit protected (see chapter 4 for testing).   (View)

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High_current_battery_splitter

Published:2009/7/24 0:27:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit can source or sink up to ±150 mA with only 5 mA quiescent current. The value of C2 can be increased as necessary to absorb current transients.   (View)

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Micropower_battery_splitter

Published:2009/7/24 0:26:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit provides symmetrical ±output voltages, both equal to one-half the input voltage (one 9-V battery in this case). The output voltages are referenced to pin 3 (output common). The circuit will operate with other battery voltages. If the battery exceeds 6 V, pin 6 should also be connected to pin 3, as shown by the dashed line.   (View)

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Improved_three_terminal_regulator_for_high_voltages

Published:2009/7/24 0:22:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit is an improved version of the circuit in Fig. 7-67.   (View)

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Lozu_dropout_P_channel_linear_regulator

Published:2009/7/24 1:30:00 Author:Jessie

Figure 7-33 show a MAX684 linear regulator. The output voltages are: MAX682 3.3 V, MAX683 5.0 V, MAX684 3.3 V, and MAX685 3.0 V. The supply range is 2.7 V to 11.5 V, the maximum dropout is 300 mV at 200 mA output, the maximum quiescent current is 15 μA, the shutdown current is 1 μA (maximum). MAXIM NEW RELEASES DATA BOOK. 1994. P. 4-49.   (View)

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FET_PNP_D_C_MILLIVOLTMETER

Published:2009/7/24 1:29:00 Author:Jessie

Differential amplifier uses pair of simple feedback amplifiers having voltage gain of 3, output impedance of 50K, input sensitivity of 20. meg/v, and common mode rejection ratio of 1,000 to 1.-Texas Instruments Inc., Solid-State Communications, McGraw-Hill, N.Y., 1966, p 136.   (View)

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Charge_pump_voltage_converter

Published:2009/7/24 1:28:00 Author:Jessie

Figure 7-32 shows a MAX619 connected to provide a 5-V, 15-mA output, with 2-V to 3.6-V input, using two inexpensive capacitors, The quiescent current is 150 μA (max) with 10μA (max) shutdown current. MAXIM NEw RELEAsEs DATA BOOK, 1994, P. 4-37.   (View)

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High_speed6_A_single_MOSFET_drivers

Published:2009/7/24 1:26:00 Author:Jessie

Figure 7-30 shows the MAX4429/MXT429 connected to translate TTL/CMOSinputs to high－voltage/high－current outputs，The output impedance is 1.5 Ω witha 6－A current．Delay time is 40 ns, with 25－ns rise/fall times(into a 2500－pF load)．Figure 7－31 shows the timing test circuit．The supply range is 4.5 V to 18 V，with anoutput swing to within 25 mV of VDD and ground．MAXIM NEW RELEASES DATABook,1994, P.4－31.4－35，   (View)

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Ratio_V_F_converter

Published:2009/7/24 1:14:00 Author:Jessie

Fig. 12-25 This circuit converts the ratio of two voltages to an equivalent frequency (essentially the same function as performed by the circuit of Fig. 12-16). In this circuit, the two op amps convert the inputs to proportional currents. The 1-kΩ scale-factor trim is adjusted so that the frequency output equals the ratio of V1/V2 x 10 kHz. Full-scale output is 15 kHz. The circuit can accept positive inputs when the op-amps are rearranged, as shown in Figs. 12-25B or 12-25C. Trimming out the offset in the Op amp gives the ratio converter better linearity and accuracy, e trim circuit Fig. 12-25B needs stable positive and negative supplies for the offset trimmer, but the trim In Fig, -25C needs only an astable positive supply. Unmarked components in Fig. 12-25C are the same as those in Fig. -25B.   (View)

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Simple_voltage_doubler

Published:2009/7/24 0:34:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit doubles available battery voltage using an LTC1044 switched-capacitor voltage converter. The circuit will drive low-power 74-CMOS (3-to 15-V) equipment for extended periods of time from two small 1.5-V cells. Efficiency exceeds 90% for load currents below 1.75 mA. Figure 8-7B shows output voltage versus loading (shown as VOUT=6 V).   (View)

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Inductorless_high_current_switching_regulator

Published:2009/7/24 0:33:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit operates from 12-V battery (6 cells), and provides5-V output at 1 A. Notice that no inductor is required.   (View)

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Switching_preregulated_linear_regulator_low_noise

Published:2009/7/24 0:31:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit is similar to that of Fig. 8-4, except that the low-dropout series regulator at switching-regulator output serves to eliminate switching-induced noise. The circuit also operates from a 9-V battery and will supply 25-mA of noise-free, regulated power with short-circuit current set by the FET 30-mA IDSS.   (View)

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LOW_DISSIPATION_1_MC_FLIP_FLOP

Published:2009/7/24 1:42:00 Author:Jessie

Complementary-pair circuit keeps power dissipation below 2 mw, with standby power of only 150 microwatts. Consists of two interconnected flip-lops, sharing common diode steering network at input. Diodes D1, D4, D5, and D8 protect emitter-based junctions from breakdown and also increase switching speed by clamping back bias levels at base of transistor. May be used for binary operation, as staler, or as shift register.-M. E. McGee and J. H. Wujek Jr., One-Megahertz Flip-Flop Saves Standby Power, Electronics, 39:12, p 106-107.   (View)

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Current_mode_SMPS_controllers

Published:2009/7/24 1:41:00 Author:Jessie

Figure 7-40 shows the MAX741D connected to provide +5 V at 1.5 A or 3.0 A with a 6-V to 15.5-V input. Figure 7-41 shows the MAX741D connected to provide +5 V at 1 A from a +3-V input. Both configurations are SMPS (switch-mode power supplies). The data sheet shows how the MAX741 can be programmed to provide different outputs with supply voltages from 2.7 V. MAXIM NEW RELEASES DATA Book, 1994, P. 4-131.   (View)

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HIGH_IMPEDANCE_DIFFERENTIAL_VTVM

Published:2009/7/24 1:41:00 Author:Jessie

Infinite input impedance is obtained in direct.coupled d-c amplifier by continuously and automatically feeding back to input a bucking voltage equal to signal voltage. Use of both inputs permits differential easurements of small signal voltages at mean levels between -150 and +300 v, for measuring grid-cathode potentials in high-impedance circuits or for balancing high-impedance push-pull circuits. Instead of input voltage dividers, range resistors are used in output circuit. Voltage supply need not be regulated.-V. D. Schurr, D-C Amplifier Expands Input Voltage Range, Electronics, 31:23, p 87-89.   (View)

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SCR_AND_LAMP_DISPLAY_CONTENTS_OF_REGISTER

Published:2009/7/24 1:40:00 Author:Jessie

Computer register lo be sampled is connected to input A, and input B is fed with 10-microsec, 12-V positive pulse. When output of register is at its low level of -12 V, diode D1 conducts but D2 does not, so scr D3 is nonconducting and lamp is off. When register output is high level (ground potential), coincident positive voltages applied to base of scr make it conduct and turn lamp on. -J. J. Collins, Displaying the Contents of a Computer Register, Electronics, 37:21, p 72.   (View)

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